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The Afridi ((パシュトー語:اپريدی) ''Apriday'', plur. ''Afridi''; (ウルドゥー語:آفریدی)) is a Karlani Pashtun tribe present in Pakistan, with substantial numbers in Afghanistan. The Afridis are most dominant in Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas, inhabiting about 1,000 square miles (3,000 km²) of rough hilly area in the eastern Spin Ghar range west of Peshawar, covering most of Khyber Agency, FR Peshawar and FR Kohat.〔 Their territory includes the Khyber Pass and Maidan in Tirahin Kurram agency . Afridi migrants are also found in India, mostly in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Jammu and Kashmir.〔(Study of the Pathan Communities in Four States of India ), ''Khyber.org'' (retrieved 30 January 2008)〕 The Afridis are historically known for the strategic location they inhabit, and for belligerence against outside forces; battling the Mughal dynasty's armies throughout Mughal rule.〔 Their later clashes against British expeditions comprised the most savage fighting of the Anglo-Afghan Wars.〔L. Thomas, ''Beyond Khyber Pass'', London, n.d. (ca. 1925)〕 After independence, Afridi tribesmen also helped attack Jammu and Kashmir for Pakistan during the Indo-Pakistani war of 1947.〔M.K. Teng (2001) (''Kashmir: The Bitter Truth'' ) Kashmir Information Network〕 Today, Afridis make use of their dominant social position in FATA and areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by controlling transport and various businesses, including trade in arms, munitions, and other goods.〔 The Afridi are Pashtuns, part of the Karlani tribal confederacy, who both fought against and with the British in Afghanistan during all three Anglo-Afghan wars. The British frequently classified the peoples that they conquered with fixed personality or “racial” traits. They regarded both the Punjabi Sikhs and the Pashtun Afridi tribesmen as “warlike” peoples. Different Afridi clans cooperated with the British forces in exchange for subsidies, and some even served with the Khyber Rifles, an auxiliary force of the British Indian Army.〔Library of Congress〕 ==Etymology and origins== The Afridis, classically called the Abaörteans (; ), have their original homeland in the Spin Ghar, a mountain range on both sides of the Durand line, located east of Kabul and west of Peshawar. The Sanskrit grammarian and historian Pāṇini, who himself hailed from the nearby Shalatur, a village located near the confluence of the Kabul and Indus rivers, mentioned the names of tribes such as the ''Aprits'' (identified with the modern Afridis) and the ''Madhumants'' (identified with modern Mohmands) who inhabited the northwestern areas, in his Ashtadhyayi in the 5th century BC.〔page 64 India and Central Asia By J. N. Roy, J.N. Roy And B.B. Kumar, Astha Bharati (Organization), Indian Council for Cultural Relations〕 According to Pashtun folklore, the Afridi tribe traces its origin back to the eponymous ancestor of all Pashtuns, Qais Abdur Rashid, through his youngest son, Karlan. Thus, the Afridi tribe are one of the Karlani tribes, who had a formidable reputation as warriors.Infact, the great Pushtun tribe Burki is the sub-caste of it. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Afridi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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